U of T · September 2026 0% Contents Subscribe
Doug Stephan’s discovery of frustrated Lewis pairs in 2006 could have a global impact on industrial chemical manufacturing.
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The chemist who took the metal out

Doug Stephan found frustrated Lewis pairs in 2006, a way to run chemical reactions without rare metals. The Royal Society has now given him its Davy Medal.

Doug Stephan, a University Professor in the department of chemistry in the Faculty of Arts & Science, has won the 2026 Davy Medal from the Royal Society in the U.K. The medal goes each year to an outstanding chemist and was first awarded in 1877.

It honours a discovery from 2006, the idea of “frustrated Lewis pairs,” or FLPs. For a century, Stephan explains, chemists leaned on rare, precious metals such as rhodium, platinum or palladium to speed up reactions. FLPs let them use common elements such as phosphorus, boron or nitrogen instead.

Why the metal matters

Stephan estimates that over 90 per cent of chemical products rely on a production process with at least one catalytic step. In drug making, he says, roughly 40 per cent of syntheses involve at least one hydrogenation, and 70 per cent of production cost can go to purifying away traces of toxic metals.

His everyday example is natural peanut butter. Adding hydrogen to the oil is what turns it into the semi-solid kind in the familiar brands.

I don’t think you do science for the awardsDoug Stephan

FLPs are not used commercially yet. Stephan says discoveries like this take decades to reach products, and he does not expect another 20 years. He points to Dow Chemical in Michigan, which is developing FLP reagents for silicon compounds used in sealants, lubricants and medical tubing.

He calls the medal the icing on the cake, and says the best part is seeing other chemists take the concept in directions he never thought of. Stephan became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2013.

Reported from U of T chemist Doug Stephan awarded 2026 Davy Medal by the U.K.’s Royal Society (U of T News, August 27, 2026).

More from the original reporting: www.utoronto.ca/news/u-t-chemist-doug-stephan-awarded-2026-davy-medal-uk-s-royal-society

Until the next issue

The class keeps arriving.

One hundred and thirteen stories end this issue, but the university doesn't pause between them. A new orientation week is already being planned; a lab somewhere on campus is already running the next experiment. Alumni Digest will be there in October for the next one.